In acute infections that lead to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, medication is typically the first line of treatment. If medical treatment fails, tiny incisions are made in the eardrum to allow drainage. These incisions usually heal on their own within 1–2 weeks. However, in chronic middle ear fluid cases where the mucosa of the middle ear does not recover quickly, ear tubes are placed to keep the incision open for longer.
TYPES OF EAR TUBES
Ear tubes are classified based on their intended use and how long they remain in the eardrum. If the accumulated fluid is clear and watery, short-term tubes that fall out on their own are typically used. In cases of thicker fluid, long-term or permanent tubes may be preferred.
BENEFITS OF EAR TUBES
- Patients with recurrent acute middle ear infections
- Cases where fluid in the middle ear does not respond to medication
- Eardrum collapse
- Barotrauma caused by flying or diving
- Individuals with improperly developed eardrums or Eustachian tubes
WHO NEEDS EAR TUBES?
- Reduces the duration of fluid retention in the middle ear
- Decreases the frequency of ear infections
- Improves hearing
- Lowers the risk of recurring middle ear infections
- Helps resolve speech and balance problems caused by chronic ear infections
HOW ARE EAR TUBES INSERTED?
Using a microscope, the procedure is performed through the ear canal. A small incision is made in the eardrum – a process called myringotomy – and the fluid in the middle ear is drained. A special instrument is then used to insert the tube, with one end positioned in the outer ear and the other in the middle ear. The tube does not cause any visible change to the appearance of the ear.
HOW ARE EAR TUBES REMOVED?
The tube usually falls out on its own within 1 to 1.5 years, though this can vary from person to person. In rare cases, it may fall into the middle ear cavity, requiring surgical removal. If the tube has not fallen out after a year, there is no need for concern—it may remain longer, which is completely normal. What matters is that the tube falls out only after the middle ear has healed.
RISKS OF EAR TUBES
The ear tube procedure is generally safe, but like all surgeries, it carries very minimal risk of complications. These include anesthesia-related risks, eardrum perforation, or displacement of the tube into the middle ear. In rare cases, the hole in the eardrum may not heal after the tube falls out, leaving a permanent perforation.
POST-OPERATION CARE AFTER EAR TUBE SURGERY
Ear tube surgery is not a difficult process for the patient. The most important point of care is preventing water from entering the ear, as this could lead to infection. A simple and effective method is using single-use cotton balls with petroleum jelly during showers or baths. If an ear infection still occurs and discharge begins, a doctor should be consulted immediately. Aside from this, patients can continue with their normal lives. Regular check-ups every 2–3 months are recommended to monitor the condition of the ear.
